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Speciation and introgression between Mimulus nasutus and Mimulus guttatus.

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Mimulus nasutus evolved from Mimulus guttatus within the last 500,000 years, developing distinct genomic features due to selfing. Despite divergence, gene flow continues between these species.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Mimulus guttatus and Mimulus nasutus represent a model sister species pair with ecological and mating system differences.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the divergence history and genomic differentiation between these species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary history and genomic divergence between Mimulus guttatus and Mimulus nasutus.
  • To analyze population genomic data to understand the speciation process and gene flow in this sister species pair.

Main Methods:

  • Population genomic data analysis.
  • Analysis of genomic signatures of mating system transitions (selfing).
  • Investigation of linkage disequilibrium and variant patterns.

Main Results:

  • Mimulus nasutus originated from a central Californian Mimulus guttatus population 200,000–500,000 years ago.
  • The Mimulus nasutus genome shows signatures of adaptation to selfing, including increased nonsynonymous variants and stop codons.
  • Genomic data reveal ongoing bidirectional introgression between the species, with selection against Mimulus nasutus ancestry in Mimulus guttatus in regions of low recombination.

Conclusions:

  • Mimulus nasutus has undergone rapid divergence and adaptation to selfing following its origin from Mimulus guttatus.
  • Despite significant differentiation, ongoing introgression highlights the complexity of reproductive isolation in this system.
  • Recombination rates influence the efficacy of selection against introgressed ancestry, shaping species boundaries.