Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Two-State Receptor Model01:29

The Two-State Receptor Model

3.5K
The two-state receptor model explains a drug's interaction with receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors and ligand-gated ion channels, to induce or inhibit a biological response. When no natural ligands are present, a receptor exists in an equilibrium of inactive (Ri) and active (Ra) conformations. The inactive form does not produce a response, while the active form generates a basal effect known as constitutive activity.
The binding affinity of a drug determines its interaction with...
3.5K
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

14.0K
G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
14.0K
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

2.4K
2.4K
Opioid Receptors: Overview01:22

Opioid Receptors: Overview

7.1K
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
7.1K
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

4.7K
Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
4.7K
Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist01:25

Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist

4.3K
Agonists are drugs that interact with specific receptors in the body to produce a biological response. When an agonist binds to a receptor, it activates or enhances the receptor's function, leading to physiological effects. The interaction between agonist drugs and receptors is crucial for their therapeutic action in various medical treatments.
Agonists can bind to receptors in different ways. Some agonists bind directly to the receptor's active site, mimicking the endogenous...
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The TM3-ECL2 disulfide bridge is a structural checkpoint for productive G<sub>olf</sub> coupling of the odorant receptor OR51E2.

Biochemical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Molecular and statistical weaknesses of the p-tau217/Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> plasma ratio for alzheimer's diagnosis.

Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

Metabolomics reveals LysoPC a C17:0 (LPC 17:0) as candidate biomarker for personalized medicine in morbid obesity.

Frontiers in medicine·2026
Same author

Neuroprotective Role of Cannabinoid CB<sub>1</sub> and GPR55 Receptors in a Cell Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Molecular neurobiology·2026
Same author

First-in-class SAM-competitive G9a inhibitor FLAV-27 as a disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer disease.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·2025
Same author

The Heteromeric Dopamine Receptor D2:D3 Controls the Gut Recruitment and Suppressive Activity of Regulatory T-Cells.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Identification of Dopamine D1-Alpha Receptor Within Rodent Nucleus Accumbens by an Innovative RNA In Situ Detection Technology
07:25

Identification of Dopamine D1-Alpha Receptor Within Rodent Nucleus Accumbens by an Innovative RNA In Situ Detection Technology

Published on: March 27, 2018

7.8K

Dopamine receptor heteromeric complexes and their emerging functions.

Susan R George1, Andras Kern2, Roy G Smith2

  • 1Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Progress in Brain Research
|June 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Dopamine receptors form novel complexes, expanding signaling beyond traditional pathways. These dopamine receptor heteromers offer new insights into brain function and disease.

Keywords:
BRETD1 receptorD2 receptorSRETadenosine receptorconfocal FRETdopamine receptor heteromerghrelin receptoroligomerization

More Related Videos

HSV-Mediated Transgene Expression of Chimeric Constructs to Study Behavioral Function of GPCR Heteromers in Mice
07:30

HSV-Mediated Transgene Expression of Chimeric Constructs to Study Behavioral Function of GPCR Heteromers in Mice

Published on: July 9, 2016

6.4K
Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake
11:26

Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake

Published on: September 21, 2017

11.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Identification of Dopamine D1-Alpha Receptor Within Rodent Nucleus Accumbens by an Innovative RNA In Situ Detection Technology
07:25

Identification of Dopamine D1-Alpha Receptor Within Rodent Nucleus Accumbens by an Innovative RNA In Situ Detection Technology

Published on: March 27, 2018

7.8K
HSV-Mediated Transgene Expression of Chimeric Constructs to Study Behavioral Function of GPCR Heteromers in Mice
07:30

HSV-Mediated Transgene Expression of Chimeric Constructs to Study Behavioral Function of GPCR Heteromers in Mice

Published on: July 9, 2016

6.4K
Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake
11:26

Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake

Published on: September 21, 2017

11.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Pharmacology
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • Dopamine neurotransmission traditionally involves five distinct dopamine receptors.
  • Physiological dopamine signaling is understood through these canonical receptor pathways.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding complex dopamine receptor interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the formation and function of novel dopamine receptor heteromeric complexes.
  • To investigate how these heteromers modulate dopamine signaling.
  • To understand the physiological and pathophysiological implications of dopamine receptor interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated dopamine receptor interactions using advanced biochemical and biophysical techniques.
  • Analyzed the functional consequences of heteromer formation on signal transduction.
  • Utilized cell-based assays to study heteromer-specific signaling properties.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that dopamine receptors can form heteromeric complexes with themselves and other receptors.
  • Showcased that these heteromers possess distinct functional properties.
  • Observed modulation of canonical dopamine receptor signaling by heteromerization.

Conclusions:

  • Dopamine receptor heteromers significantly expand the scope of dopamine signaling.
  • These novel complexes offer new perspectives on dopamine's role in physiology.
  • Understanding dopamine receptor heteromers is crucial for elucidating pathophysiological processes involving dopamine.