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Brain acidosis in experimental pneumococcal meningitis.

N E Andersen¹, J Gyring, A J Hansen

¹Institute of General Physiology and Biophysics, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

|June 1, 1989

Summary

Purulent meningitis causes brain dysfunction by disrupting ion homeostasis. Activated leukocytes consume glucose and produce acid, leading to acidosis in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Neuroscience

Background:

Purulent meningitis is a severe condition with high mortality and neurological sequelae.
The underlying mechanisms of brain dysfunction and characteristic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes (lactate, glucose, pH) remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the sources of CSF lactate and glucose changes and the cause of brain dysfunction in experimental purulent meningitis.

Main Methods:

Purulent meningitis was induced in rabbits using Streptococcus pneumoniae.
CSF and brain interstitial fluid pH were measured using ion-selective microelectrodes.
Brain cortical energy metabolites were analyzed.

Main Results:

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Infected rabbits showed meningitis symptoms, increased CSF leukocytes, lactate, and decreased glucose.

Brain interstitial pH significantly decreased from 7.4 to 6.9.

Brain tissue glucose levels and lactate did not differ significantly from controls, suggesting they are not the source/sink for CSF metabolites.

Conclusions:

Purulent meningitis causes significant brain interstitial acidosis and CSF acidosis, indicating disturbed ion homeostasis.
Activated leukocytes likely consume CSF glucose and produce lactic acid and protons, contributing to acidosis and brain dysfunction.