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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit01:24

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit

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Series resonance occurs in a circuit containing inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements connected sequentially. At the resonance frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, effectively canceling each other. This causes the circuit's impedance is minimal, primarily determined by the resistance R. The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is defined as:
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Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

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The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
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Series Resonance01:17

Series Resonance

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The RLC circuit impedance is defined as the ratio of the supply voltage to the circuit current. Resonance in such a circuit occurs when the imaginary part of this impedance equals zero. This specific condition means that the inductive reactance is exactly equal to the capacitive reactance. The frequency at which this happens is known as the resonant frequency. Mathematically, the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance (L) and capacitance...
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IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

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Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
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The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
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Standing Electromagnetic Waves

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Electromagnetic waves can be reflected; the surface of a conductor or a dielectric can act as a reflector. As electric and magnetic fields obey the superposition principle, so do electromagnetic waves. The superposition of an incident wave and a reflected electromagnetic wave produces a standing wave analogous to the standing waves created on a stretched string.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Fabrication of Nanopillar-Based Split Ring Resonators for Displacement Current Mediated Resonances in Terahertz Metamaterials
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A compact 5.5 GHz band-rejected UWB antenna using complementary split ring resonators.

M M Islam1, M R I Faruque1, M T Islam2

  • 1Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.

Thescientificworldjournal
|June 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna designed using complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) to eliminate specific frequency bands. The antenna effectively rejects the 5.5 GHz WLAN band while maintaining wide bandwidth performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics and Microwave Engineering
  • Antenna Design
  • Wireless Communication Systems

Background:

  • Ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas are crucial for high-speed data transmission.
  • Existing wireless applications often occupy specific frequency bands, necessitating band-rejection capabilities in UWB antennas.
  • Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRRs) offer a method for creating frequency-selective band-rejection filters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate a compact UWB antenna with integrated band-rejection functionality.
  • To achieve rejection of the 5.5 GHz WLAN band for coexistence with existing wireless systems.
  • To optimize antenna parameters for wide bandwidth and compact dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • Design of a compact UWB antenna featuring a circular radiating patch.
  • Integration of slotted complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) within the radiating patch.
  • Utilizing FR4 substrate, a partial ground plane, and a microstrip line feed.
  • Electromagnetic simulation and validation of antenna performance.

Main Results:

  • The designed antenna exhibits a wide operational bandwidth from 3.45 GHz to over 12 GHz.
  • Achieved compact antenna dimensions of 22 × 26 mm².
  • Demonstrated effective rejection of the 5.5 GHz WLAN band.
  • Maintained a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) less than 2 across the operational bandwidth.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed CSRR-loaded UWB antenna successfully integrates band-rejection capabilities.
  • The compact design and wide bandwidth make it suitable for various wireless applications requiring frequency band exclusion.
  • The antenna design provides a practical solution for mitigating interference from specific wireless services.