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Related Experiment Video

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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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Exploring adolescent cognitive control in a combined interference switching task.

Eva Mennigen1, Sarah Rodehacke1, Kathrin U Müller1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Würzburger Str. 35, 01187 Dresden, Germany.

Neuropsychologia
|June 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Adolescents utilize a shared brain network for task switching and response conflict. However, the default mode network shows distinct activity patterns, suggesting differential processing within the cognitive control network.

Keywords:
AdolescenceCognitive controlFunctional MRIIncongruenceTask switchingbrain–behavior correlations

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive control is crucial for adapting to environmental demands.
  • Adolescence is a key period for the development of cognitive control networks.
  • Understanding how the brain manages conflicting cognitive processes is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of cognitive control in adolescents using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • To examine how the brain processes concurrent task switching and stimulus-response incongruence.
  • To explore the relationship between brain activity and behavioral performance in response to cognitive conflict.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI study of 185 adolescents (age 14) performing a combined response interference switching task.
  • Behavioral measures included reaction time (RT) and error rate (ER).
  • Analysis focused on brain activity within the cognitive control network and default mode network (DMN).

Main Results:

  • An overlapping cognitive control network (dACC, DLPFC, preSMA, PPC) was recruited by both task switching and response incongruence.
  • Higher BOLD responses to incongruent stimuli correlated with the incongruence effect, but not switch costs.
  • Increased DMN activation was observed in congruent trials compared to incongruent trials, but not for task repetition vs. task switch.

Conclusions:

  • Task switching and response incongruence share neural resources within the cognitive control network in adolescents.
  • Despite shared networks, these conflict types may be processed differently, as indicated by distinct DMN activity.
  • Findings support a hypothesis of antagonistic interactions between the DMN and cognitive control network during cognitive challenges.