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Association between gait variability and brain ventricle attributes: a brain mapping study.

Cedric Annweiler1, Manuel Montero-Odasso2, Robert Bartha3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, University Memory Clinic of Angers, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, UNAM, Angers, France; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Parkwood Hospital, St. Joseph's Health Care London, Gait and Brain Lab, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Center for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.

Experimental Gerontology
|June 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

In older adults, increased stride time variability, a marker of gait instability, is linked to larger temporal horns. This suggests that addressing neuronal loss in the temporal lobes may help prevent gait issues.

Keywords:
GaitHippocampusLateral cerebral ventriclesMagnetic resonance imagingMotor controlOlder adultsTemporal lobe

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Gait dynamic stability in older adults is not fully understood.
  • Lateral cerebral ventricle expansion may indicate reduced brain tissue volume.
  • Stride time variability is a key measure of gait stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between stride time variability and lateral cerebral ventricle sub-volumes in older adults.
  • To identify specific brain regions related to gait dynamic stability.

Main Methods:

  • 115 older adults (mean age 70.4) from the GAIT study were analyzed.
  • Stride time variability was measured using a GAITRite electronic walkway.
  • Brain ventricle sub-volumes were quantified using MRI, with participants grouped by stride time variability tertiles.

Main Results:

  • Participants with the highest stride time variability had larger temporal horns and middle ventricular bodies.
  • Increased stride time variability was significantly associated with larger temporal horns (adjusted β=0.86, P=0.005).
  • Higher variability correlated with enlarged temporal horns, particularly in the highest tertile group (adjusted OR=2.45, P=0.044).

Conclusions:

  • Higher stride time variability in older adults is associated with larger temporal horns.
  • Targeting neuronal loss in temporal lobes could be a strategy to improve gait stability.
  • This research highlights a link between specific brain structures and gait dynamics in aging.