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A comparison of two walking while talking paradigms in aging.

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|June 29, 2014
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Dual-task costs in gait and cognition increase with cognitive task complexity. Gait and cognitive performance were positively associated in older adults, suggesting no prioritization strategy influence.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Investigating dual-task interference in older adults is crucial for understanding mobility and cognitive decline.
  • Dual-task paradigms assess the interplay between motor and cognitive functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare dual-task costs in gait and cognition between walking while reciting alternate letters (WWR) and walking while counting backward by sevens (WWC).
  • To examine the relationship between gait and cognitive performance during concurrent dual-task execution.

Main Methods:

  • 217 non-demented older adults performed single and dual-task conditions.
  • Gait velocity was measured using an instrumented walkway.
  • Cognitive performance was assessed via accuracy ratio; statistical analyses included linear mixed effects models and Pearson correlations.

Main Results:

  • Significant dual-task costs were observed for both velocity and cognitive accuracy in WWR and WWC (p < .01).
  • Greater dual-task costs in velocity were found in WWC compared to WWR (p < .01).
  • Positive correlations between gait and cognitive performance were significant in both tasks (p < .01).

Conclusions:

  • Dual-task gait costs escalate with increasing cognitive task complexity.
  • The positive gait-cognition association implies dual-task performance was not driven by prioritization strategies in this cohort.