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Author Spotlight: Implications of Non-Nutritive Sucking on Speech Emergence and Infant Development
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How does non-nutritive sucking support infant feeding?

C Harding1, L Frank2, V Van Someren2

  • 1Division of L.C.S., City University London, United Kingdom; The Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.

Infant Behavior & Development
|June 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-nutritive sucking (NNS) did not speed up oral feeding or language skills in premature infants. However, NNS supported parents, leading to shorter hospital stays for infants receiving NNS.

Keywords:
Early communicationFull oral feedingNon-nutritive suckingOral readiness

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Developmental pediatrics
  • Speech and language pathology

Background:

  • Non-nutritive sucking (NNS) is often perceived to accelerate oral feeding and early language development in premature infants.
  • The role of NNS in supporting parental confidence and facilitating earlier hospital discharge requires further investigation.
  • Premature infants (26-35 weeks gestation) with no significant difficulties were studied to clarify NNS effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the effectiveness of non-nutritive sucking (NNS) on the development of full oral feeding and early language skills in premature infants.
  • To assess if NNS, as a strategy to support parental identification of infant cues, impacts infant management and hospital discharge timing.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled study involving 59 premature infants (26-35 weeks gestation) assigned to three groups: NNS pre-tube feeding, NNS during tube feeding, and a control group.
  • Data collected on days to full oral feeding, hospital length of stay, sucking patterns, and language skills at 6 months follow-up.
  • Statistical analyses included chi-square tests to compare outcomes between groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were found in the number of days to achieve full oral feeding between NNS groups and the control group (p=.115).
  • A significant reduction in the number of hospital days was observed in the NNS groups compared to the control group (p=.022).
  • Improvements in sucking patterns were noted across all groups, with no significant differences in receptive or expressive language skills at 6 months.

Conclusions:

  • Non-nutritive sucking (NNS) does not significantly impact the transition to full oral feeding or later language development in premature infants.
  • NNS, when used to support parental recognition of infant communication and readiness cues, is associated with a shorter hospital stay.
  • Further research should explore the mechanisms by which NNS enhances parental confidence and facilitates earlier discharge.