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Related Experiment Videos

Functional enteroinsular axis in full-term newborn infants.

K C King1, A Oliven, S C Kalhan

  • 1Division of Neonatology, State University of New York, Stony Brook.

Pediatric Research
|May 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Newborn infants exhibit a functional enteroinsular axis, where gut hormones like Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP) enhance insulin release in response to oral glucose. This axis is crucial for glucose regulation in neonates.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • The enteroinsular axis describes how gut hormones stimulate insulin secretion.
  • Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is a key hormone mediating this effect.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if the enteroinsular axis is functional in term newborn infants.
  • To investigate the role of GIP in neonatal glucose metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • 44 term newborns received intravenous or orogastric glucose infusions.
  • Plasma insulin and GIP levels were measured and compared between infusion routes.
  • Infants were categorized by gestational age appropriateness and maternal diabetes status.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Enteral glucose significantly increased plasma GIP levels in all infants.
  • Insulin response and insulin/glucose ratio were higher with enteral compared to intravenous glucose.
  • A lower enteral glucose infusion rate showed GIP rise but no enhanced insulin response, highlighting glucose's role.

Conclusions:

  • Term newborn infants possess a functional enteroinsular axis.
  • Rising plasma GIP contributes to enhanced insulin response to enteral glucose in neonates.
  • This axis plays a role in neonatal glucose homeostasis.