A first implementation of an automated reel-to-reel fluidic self-assembly machine

A first automated reel-to-reel fluidic selfassembly process for macroelectronic applications is reported. This system enables high-speed assembly of semiconductor dies (15 000 chips per hour using a 2.5 cm-wide web) over large-area substrates. The optimization of the system (>99% assembly yield) is based on identification, calculation, and optimization of the relevant forces. As an application, the production of a solid-state lighting panel is discussed, involving a novel approach to apply a conductive layer through lamination.