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Updated: Apr 27, 2026
Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry
Published on: June 26, 2018
Toll like receptor 2 and 4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of multiple sclerosis patients
Seyed Javad Hasheminia1, Sayyed Hamid Zarkesh-Esfahani, Sepideh Tolouei
1Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahre Kord University of Medical Sciences, Shahre Kord,Iran,e-mail: jhasheminia@yahoo.com.
Background:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. Appropriate MS therapeutic strategies need thorough understanding of both disease etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms. Ligation of TLR-2 and TLR-4 stimulates the production of several cytokines leading to CNS autoimmunity and neurodegenerative diseases.
Objective:
To find a relationship between MS disability and TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression on mononuclear cells in the blood of MS patients.
Methods:
Forty-five new case (NC) MS patients (33 females and 12 males) and 45 age and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited to the study. PBMCs were prepared and the expressions of TLR-2 and TLR-4 were assessed by flowcytometry technique using appropriate monoclonal antibodies.
Results:
Our results showed that the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 proteins in the patients group was significantly higher than that of healthy controls. TLR-2 but not TLR-4 was correlated with expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores.
Conclusion:
High expressions of TLR-2 and TLR-4 may represent a state of innate immune activation in patients with MS.
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