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Natural history of prenatal isolated muscular ventricular septal defects

Onur Erol1, Osman Sevket2, Seda Keskin2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.

Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association
|July 1, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Muscular ventricular septal defects (m-VSDs) show a high spontaneous closure rate within the first year of life. Small m-VSDs, particularly those ≤3 mm, frequently resolve during gestation or early infancy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Muscular ventricular septal defects (m-VSDs) are a subset of congenital heart defects.
  • Understanding their natural history is crucial for clinical management and parental counseling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the natural history of isolated muscular ventricular septal defects (m-VSDs).
  • To assess spontaneous closure rates from gestation up to one year postnatally.
  • To investigate the association between m-VSDs and chromosomal anomalies.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 76 fetuses with isolated m-VSDs was studied.
  • Evaluated variables included defect site, size, chromosomal anomalies, pregnancy outcome, and postnatal closure.
  • Follow-up extended to one year postnatally for closure assessment.

Main Results:

  • Of 44 fetuses reaching one year, 75% of m-VSDs closed spontaneously.
  • Small defects (≤3 mm) demonstrated a high closure rate (83.8%) during gestation or the first year.
  • Apical defects showed a trend towards more frequent spontaneous closure, though not statistically significant compared to mid-muscular defects.

Conclusions:

  • Isolated muscular ventricular septal defects exhibit a high rate of spontaneous closure.
  • Small m-VSDs are particularly likely to close spontaneously, often before or within the first year after birth.
Abstract

Keywords:
Isolatedmuscular ventricular septal defectspontaneous closure

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