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Conversion of chirp in fiber compression.

Péter Dombi, Péter Rácz, Laszlo Veisz

    Optics Letters
    |July 1, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study shows focusing chirped femtosecond pulses into nonlinear fibers significantly reduces pulse chirp. This allows for intense pulse compression using dispersive mirrors, advancing ultrafast optics.

    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear optics
    • Ultrafast laser science
    • Fiber optics

    Background:

    • Femtosecond laser pulses undergo spectral broadening when focused into nonlinear fibers.
    • Conventional methods for pulse compression are limited by self-focusing and material damage at higher pulse energies.
    • Chirp, or the variation of pulse frequency over time, is a critical parameter in pulse shaping and compression.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the chirp transfer from input to output pulses when using positively chirped femtosecond pulses in nonlinear fibers.
    • To quantify the reduction in group delay dispersion (GDD) achieved through this nonlinear fiber propagation.
    • To understand the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for chirp reduction.

    Main Methods:

    • Focusing positively chirped femtosecond laser pulses into nonlinear optical fibers.

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  • Measuring the spectral broadening and chirp of the output pulses.
  • Comparing the output pulse chirp with the initial input pulse chirp.
  • Developing a theoretical model based on self-phase modulation and initial chirp interaction.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant spectral broadening and pulse compression were achieved at higher pulse energies.
    • The group delay dispersion (GDD) of the output pulse was reduced by approximately a factor of 10 compared to the input pulse.
    • The observed chirp reduction was attributed to the interplay between self-phase modulation and the initial chirp within the fiber.
    • A simple model calculation showed good agreement with experimental observations.

    Conclusions:

    • The nonlinear fiber propagation of positively chirped femtosecond pulses effectively reduces the overall pulse chirp.
    • This chirp reduction mechanism enables the compression of spectrally broadened, intense pulses using dispersive multilayer mirrors with moderate dispersion.
    • The findings pave the way for more efficient generation and manipulation of high-energy ultrashort pulses.