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Thermally driven continuous-wave and pulsed optical vortex.

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    We developed a novel method for generating continuous-wave (cw) and pulsed optical vortexes using heat, enabling tunable topological charges without compromising lasing efficiency. This technique utilizes graphene as a pulse modulator for versatile applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Optical vortexes with controllable topological charges are crucial for advanced applications.
    • Existing methods often suffer from astigmatism or reduced lasing efficiency.
    • Developing compact and efficient vortex generation techniques is an ongoing challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel method for generating continuous-wave (cw) and pulsed optical vortexes.
    • To achieve tunable topological charges driven by thermal effects during lasing.
    • To explore the use of graphene as a saturable absorber for pulsed vortex generation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized thermal lensing effects within the lasing cavity to induce and control topological charges.
    • Employed mode-matching between pump and oscillating beams to select specific topological charges.
    • Integrated a graphene sample as a saturable absorber to achieve pulsed operation at 1.36 μm.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully generated both cw and pulsed optical vortexes.
    • Demonstrated tunable topological charges controlled by thermal gradients.
    • Achieved pulsed optical vortex generation at 1.36 μm using graphene, confirming its role as a pulse modulator.
    • Maintained high lasing efficiency without inducing astigmatism.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed thermally driven method offers a compact and efficient way to generate optical vortexes.
    • Tunable topological charges and specific wavelength operation open avenues for diverse applications.
    • Graphene is a viable material for pulsed optical vortex generation, acting as an effective pulse modulator.