Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Juvenile Landrace Swine: A LVAD Implantation Model of Pediatric Heart Failure
05:18

Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Juvenile Landrace Swine: A LVAD Implantation Model of Pediatric Heart Failure

Published on: January 16, 2026

225

Four-year outcomes with third-generation centrifugal left ventricular assist devices in an era of restricted

Faruk Özalp1, Sai Bhagra2, Catriona Bhagra2

  • 1Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiopulmonary Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
|July 2, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Third-generation ventricular assist devices (VADs) offer improved outcomes but face challenges with low bridge-to-transplant rates. VAD thrombosis and right heart failure are significant long-term complications impacting survival.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Devices
  • Heart Failure Management

Background:

  • Third-generation ventricular assist devices (VADs) are crucial for advanced heart failure.
  • Bridge-to-transplant (BTT) rates have declined, necessitating alternative VAD strategies.
  • Low BTT rates in the UK present unique challenges for VAD patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate outcomes in patients with third-generation VADs amid low bridge-to-transplant rates.
  • To identify predictors of survival in this specific patient population.
  • To assess the incidence and impact of VAD thrombosis during long-term support.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 102 consecutive patients receiving third-generation VADs (VentrAssist, HeartWare) between 2009-2013.
  • Median support duration of 462 days.
  • Evaluation of survival rates, predictors of outcomes, and VAD thrombosis incidence.

Main Results:

  • 1- and 2-year survival rates were 75% and 66%, respectively.
  • Older age, acute INTERMACS profiles, and poor preoperative right ventricular function predicted reduced survival.
  • VAD thrombosis occurred in 24 patients (HeartWare: 0.18 events/patient-year; VentrAssist: 0.07 events/patient-year), without significantly impacting survival.
  • Only 14 patients (13.7%) underwent transplantation, with a median time of 334 days.

Conclusions:

  • Third-generation VADs provide comparable survival to destination therapy in low BTT settings.
  • Long-term VAD support is associated with significant risks of VAD thrombosis and right heart failure.
  • Careful patient selection and monitoring are essential for optimizing outcomes in VAD therapy.
Abstract

Keywords:
OutcomesThrombosisTransplantationVentricular assist device

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