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Related Concept Videos

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease01:25

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Surgical Models of Gastroesophageal Reflux with Mice
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GERD procedures: when and what?

P Marco Fisichella1, Marco G Patti

  • 1Department of Surgery, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, 02132, USA, piero.fisichella@va.gov.

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract
|July 2, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Choosing the right time and surgical approach for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is crucial. This review guides selecting appropriate antireflux surgery candidates and procedures, including those with obesity.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Procedures
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) management involves determining the optimal timing and surgical technique.
  • Preoperative evaluation is key to identifying suitable candidates for antireflux surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define indications for GERD surgery and predictors of successful outcomes.
  • To review available antireflux surgical procedures, their indications, and technical aspects.
  • To outline optimal surgical strategies for coexisting GERD and obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Evidence-based review of current literature.
  • Analysis of preoperative evaluation parameters.
  • Comparison of different antireflux surgical techniques.

Main Results:

  • Key indications and outcome predictors for GERD surgery identified.
  • Comprehensive overview of surgical options for GERD provided.
  • Guidance on managing combined GERD and obesity through surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Appropriate patient selection and surgical technique are vital for successful GERD treatment.
  • A systematic approach ensures optimal outcomes in antireflux surgery.
  • Combined GERD and obesity require tailored surgical considerations.