Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

3.5K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
3.5K
Prediction Intervals01:03

Prediction Intervals

2.5K
The interval estimate of any variable is known as the prediction interval. It helps decide if a point estimate is dependable.
However, the point estimate is most likely not the exact value of the population parameter, but close to it. After calculating point estimates, we construct interval estimates, called confidence intervals or prediction intervals. This prediction interval comprises a range of values unlike the point estimate and is a better predictor of the observed sample value, y. 
2.5K
The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic01:25

The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic

6.7K
In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
6.7K
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
Residuals and Least-Squares Property01:11

Residuals and Least-Squares Property

7.1K
The vertical distance between the actual value of y and the estimated value of y. In other words, it measures the vertical distance between the actual data point and the predicted point on the line
If the observed data point lies above the line, the residual is positive, and the line underestimates the actual data value for y. If the observed data point lies below the line, the residual is negative, and the line overestimates the actual data value for y.
The process of fitting the best-fit...
7.1K
Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?01:17

Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?

28.9K
The outcome of any hypothesis testing leads to rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. This decision is taken based on the analysis of the data, an appropriate test statistic, an appropriate confidence level, the critical values, and P-values. However, when the evidence suggests that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected, is it right to say, 'Accept' the null hypothesis?
There are two ways to indicate that the null hypothesis is not rejected. 'Accept' the null...
28.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Causality in medicine: getting back to the Hill top.

Preventive medicine·2011
Same author

Evidence: philosophy of science meets medicine.

Journal of evaluation in clinical practice·2010
Same author

Evidence and ethics in medicine.

Perspectives in biology and medicine·2008
Same author

Evidence-based vs. 'impressionist' medicine: how best to implement guidelines.

European heart journal·2005
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes
08:27

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes

Published on: March 3, 2023

1.6K

Prediction and accommodation revisited.

John Worrall

    Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
    |July 3, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This paper defends a theory of scientific prediction and accommodation, arguing that temporal order does not significantly impact theory confirmation. It refutes rival accounts by Maher and Lange, asserting the original theory provides the most accurate analysis.

    More Related Videos

    Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher
    05:14

    Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher

    Published on: February 23, 2018

    6.4K
    Visualizing Visual Adaptation
    04:43

    Visualizing Visual Adaptation

    Published on: April 24, 2017

    8.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

    Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes
    08:27

    Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes

    Published on: March 3, 2023

    1.6K
    Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher
    05:14

    Simulating the Mechanics of Lens Accommodation via a Manual Lens Stretcher

    Published on: February 23, 2018

    6.4K
    Visualizing Visual Adaptation
    04:43

    Visualizing Visual Adaptation

    Published on: April 24, 2017

    8.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Philosophy of Science
    • Scientific Methodology

    Background:

    • The relationship between the temporal order of evidence and theory confirmation is a debated topic in the philosophy of science.
    • Existing accounts by Maher and Lange offer alternative perspectives on the significance of temporal considerations in evaluating scientific theories.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To further articulate and defend a previously proposed account of prediction and accommodation.
    • To critically analyze and refute rival accounts of temporal considerations in theory evaluation.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of the author's existing theory with the accounts proposed by Patrick Maher and Marc Lange.
    • Examination of specific examples used by Maher and Lange to illustrate their arguments.
    • Logical argumentation to demonstrate the superiority of the author's framework.

    Main Results:

    • Patrick Maher's account of temporal order in confirmation is shown to lack scientific significance and is considered a variant of the author's own theory.
    • Marc Lange's argument that temporal relevance is reducible to avoiding 'arbitrary conjunctions' is found to be unconvincing.
    • The author's original account provides the most accurate analysis of the discussed examples.

    Conclusions:

    • The temporal order of theory and evidence does not play a scientifically significant role in the degree of confirmation.
    • The author's theory of prediction and accommodation remains the most robust framework for analyzing these issues.
    • Rival accounts by Maher and Lange fail to adequately address the role of temporal considerations in scientific theory evaluation.