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Sleep-disordered breathing and pulmonary function in obese children and adolescents

A Van Eyck1, K Van Hoorenbeeck2, B Y De Winter1

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.

Sleep Medicine
|July 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in obese children is linked to reduced lung function, including vital capacity and forced expiratory volume. Obesity severity is a key factor influencing both OSAS and pulmonary health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Obese children face a higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
  • OSAS in this population often involves oxygen desaturations, potentially linked to pulmonary function deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between OSAS and pulmonary function in obese children and adolescents.
  • To determine if OSAS severity correlates with specific pulmonary function abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • 185 children were studied, categorized into control, mild OSAS, and moderate-to-severe OSAS groups.
  • All participants underwent polysomnography and pulmonary function testing.

Main Results:

  • Moderate-to-severe OSAS was associated with significantly decreased vital capacity (VC), forced expired volume in 1s (FEV1), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), total lung capacity, and functional residual capacity (FRC).
  • FEV1, FRC, and ERV showed significant correlations with OSAS severity, independent of adiposity.
  • Correlations between FEV1/VC and sleep parameters weakened after adjusting for adiposity.

Conclusions:

  • A link exists between awake pulmonary function and sleep respiratory parameters in obese children.
  • OSAS severity correlates with impaired lung function in obese youth.
  • Obesity level is a significant confounder for both OSAS severity and pulmonary function.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdolescentsChildrenObesityObstructive sleep apneaPulmonary function testsSleep-disordered breathing

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