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Related Concept Videos

Pipe Flowrate Measurement01:28

Pipe Flowrate Measurement

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In pipe flow measurement, orifice, nozzle, and Venturi meters are commonly used to determine fluid flowrates by constricting the flow area, which increases fluid velocity and reduces pressure. This pressure difference, governed by Bernoulli's principle and adjusted for real-world conditions, is essential for calculating flowrate. Each meter type is suited to specific applications based on accuracy, efficiency, and compatibility with various flow conditions.
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Turbulent Flow01:24

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Turbulent flow is characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity and pressure, which result in a chaotic fluid movement distinct from the orderly patterns of laminar flow. While laminar flow is governed by smooth, parallel layers with minimal mixing, turbulent flow exhibits highly irregular, three-dimensional patterns. This behavior arises due to instabilities in the fluid's velocity profile, and amplifies as the flow velocity increases. Minor disturbances, known as turbulent...
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Rapidly Varying Flow01:24

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Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
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Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline01:16

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Bernoulli's equation for flow normal to a streamline explains how pressure varies across curved streamlines due to the outward centrifugal forces induced by the fluid's curvature. The pressure is higher on the inner side of the curve, near the center of curvature, and decreases outward to balance these centrifugal forces.
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Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

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Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely...
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Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline01:30

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Bernoulli's equation relates the energy conservation in a fluid moving along a streamline. The equation applies to incompressible and inviscid fluids under steady flow. For such a flow, Newton's second law is applied to a small fluid element, which experiences forces due to pressure differences, gravity, and velocity variations. The force balance leads to the following form of Bernoulli's equation:
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High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition
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Note: A vortex cross-correlation flowmeter with enhanced turndown ratio.

A Venugopal1, Amit Agrawal1, S V Prabhu1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|July 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new dual sensor technique enhances vortex flowmeter performance at low flow rates. This method improves the turndown ratio, enabling more accurate flow measurement in challenging conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Measurement science

Background:

  • Vortex flowmeters are widely used for flow rate measurement.
  • Conventional vortex flowmeters struggle with accuracy at low Reynolds numbers due to weak vortex signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement a novel dual sensor vortex cross-correlation technique.
  • To extend the lower operating range and improve the turndown ratio of vortex flowmeters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a dual sensor setup with piezoelectric sensors.
  • Employing vortex shedding frequency measurement at high Reynolds numbers.
  • Applying cross-correlation of sensor outputs to determine vortex convection velocity at low Reynolds numbers.

Main Results:

  • The dual sensor technique successfully extended the lower operating range of the flowmeter.
  • A remarkable turndown ratio of 1:66 was achieved, significantly outperforming conventional vortex flowmeters (1:20).
  • The technique demonstrated robustness under low Reynolds number flow conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The novel dual sensor vortex cross-correlation technique offers a significant improvement for vortex flowmeters.
  • This advancement allows for more accurate flow rate estimation in low Reynolds number regimes.
  • The enhanced turndown ratio broadens the applicability of vortex flowmeters in various industrial settings.