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Skeletal development of the glenoid and glenoid-coracoid interface in the pediatric population: MRI features

Shefali Kothary1, Zehava Sadka Rosenberg, Leonardo L Poncinelli

  • 1Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, First Avenue at 16th Street, New York, NY, 10003, USA, skothary18@gmail.com.

Skeletal Radiology
|July 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

This study details normal pediatric glenoid and glenoid-coracoid interface skeletal development using MRI. Findings reveal a chronological pattern, aiding in interpreting pediatric shoulder MRI studies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Skeletal Development
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Background:

  • Normal skeletal development of the glenoid and glenoid-coracoid interface in children is not well-documented.
  • Understanding this development is crucial for accurate interpretation of pediatric shoulder MRI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the MRI appearance of normal skeletal development of the glenoid and glenoid-coracoid interface in pediatric patients.
  • To establish a reference for normal glenoid development in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 105 pediatric shoulder MRI studies (ages 2 months to 18 years).
  • Assessment of scapular-coracoid bipolar growth plate, glenoid/glenoid-coracoid interface secondary ossification centers, and glenoid advancing osseous surface morphology and MR signal.
  • Utilized IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant protocols.

Main Results:

  • The glenoid and glenoid-coracoid interface appear as a cartilaginous mass in infancy.
  • Secondary ossification centers in the superior glenoid fused by ages 12-16; additional centers were noted in the inferior glenoid in some cases.
  • Glenoid osseous surface shape evolved from concave to convex; glenoid growth plate fused by age 16. Development patterns align with prior studies, with earlier inferior glenoid ossification noted.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric glenoid and glenoid-coracoid interface skeletal development follows a predictable chronological sequence.
  • This established pattern can serve as a valuable guideline for interpreting pediatric shoulder MRI findings.
Abstract

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