[The use of recombinant interleukin-2 in children with encephalitis]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Neurology
• Pediatrics

Background:

• Encephalitis poses significant risks to children, including neurological deficits and long-term complications such as multiple sclerosis.
• Complex treatment strategies are essential for managing encephalitis effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of domestic recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) as part of a comprehensive treatment for pediatric encephalitis.

Main Methods:

• A study involving 40 pediatric patients (6 months to 17 years) treated with recombinant IL-2.
• A comparison group of 35 patients did not receive recombinant IL-2.
• Assessment included symptom duration, neurological deficit scores (EDSS), exacerbation frequency, and long-term multiple sclerosis development over 3 years.

Main Results:

• Recombinant IL-2 significantly reduced symptom aggravation duration (5.4±1.3 days) and neurological deficits (1.6±0.2 EDSS).
• The treatment decreased exacerbation frequency from 22.9% to 5% and multiple sclerosis development from 17.1% to 2.5% over 3 years.
• Positive correlations were observed between drug efficacy, improved immunological parameters, enhanced central afferent conduction (evoked potentials), and reduced focal MRI changes.

Conclusions:

• Domestic recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) is recommended for the treatment of children diagnosed with encephalitis.
• The drug demonstrates a positive impact on immunological parameters and neurological function, contributing to better patient outcomes.