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Inflammatory markers and obstructive sleep apnea in obese children: the NANOS study

Alex Gileles-Hillel1, María Luz Alonso-Álvarez2, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal1

  • 1Section of Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children's Hospital, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, 5721 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Mediators of Inflammation
|July 4, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in obese children is linked to higher levels of inflammatory markers like IL-6, MCP-1, and PAI-1, indicating a proinflammatory state. These findings reinforce the impact of sleep disorders on health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) are prevalent conditions often coexisting.
  • This combination is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state.
  • Inflammation contributes to cognitive, metabolic, and cardiovascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate inflammatory marker levels in obese children with OSA compared to those without OSA.
  • To explore the association between these markers and clinical/polysomnographic variables.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, prospective multicenter study involving 204 healthy obese Spanish children (ages 4-15).
  • Participants underwent nocturnal polysomnography (PSG) followed by blood draws.
  • Plasma samples were analyzed for multiple inflammatory markers.

Main Results:

  • 75 children had OSA (RDI ≥ 3 events/hour).
  • Obese children with OSA showed significantly higher levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).
  • Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was higher in moderate-severe OSA, and MCP-1 correlated with nocturnal hypercapnia.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated IL-6, MCP-1, and PAI-1 are associated with OSA in obese children.
  • These findings support the pro-inflammatory effects of sleep disorders like OSA.
  • The study is registered under ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01322763.
Abstract

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