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Depression, disability and somatic diseases among elderly.

P F M Verhaak1, J H Dekker2, M W M de Waal3

  • 1Groningen University, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of General Practice, Groningen, The Netherlands; Netherlands Institute of Health Services Research, PO Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands.

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Disability significantly impacts late-life depression, particularly in participation and self-care. While somatic diseases are linked to disability, they are not an independent risk factor for depression in older adults.

Keywords:
AgedChronic diseaseDepressionDisability

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Late-life depression is a significant public health concern, often co-occurring with disability and somatic diseases.
  • Understanding the interplay between these factors is crucial for effective intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between disability and depression in older adults.
  • To examine the role of somatic diseases as a potential risk factor for depression.
  • To explore the influence of age on the association between disability and depression.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey design was employed.
  • Participants included 378 older adults (60+ years) diagnosed with a depressive disorder and 132 non-depressed controls.
  • Depression was assessed using the CIDI version 2.1, and disability was measured with the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS).

Main Results:

  • Disability, across all subscales, showed a strong association with depression.
  • Somatic diseases did not independently predict depression variance; their impact was mediated through disability.
  • The disability-depression link was more pronounced in the 60-69 age group compared to those over 70.

Conclusions:

  • Disability, especially in participation, self-care, and social activities, is a key correlate of late-life depression.
  • Somatic diseases are indirectly associated with depression through their contribution to disability.
  • Findings highlight the importance of addressing functional limitations in managing depression among the elderly.