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Hypertension in chronic idiopathic glomerulonephritis: analysis of 311 biopsied patients
M Rambausek1, C Rhein, R Waldherr
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Würzburg, FRG.
Insights
Hypertension is common in chronic glomerulonephritis, especially in women, and linked to worsening kidney function. Blood pressure management is crucial for preserving kidney health in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Idiopathic chronic glomerulonephritis affects kidney function.
- Hypertension is a known complication and risk factor for kidney disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of hypertension in patients with idiopathic chronic glomerulonephritis.
- To investigate the relationship between hypertension and renal function, glomerulonephritis type, and histological features.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 311 patients with idiopathic chronic glomerulonephritis.
- Evaluation of hypertension prevalence, serum creatinine levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and blood pressure.
- Comparison with local general population data.
Main Results:
- Overall hypertension prevalence was 49.8%.
- Elevated hypertension prevalence observed in women even at serum creatinine < 1.1 mg/dL.
- Hypertension prevalence was significantly higher in males (2.12-fold) and females (8.6-fold) with serum creatinine 1.1-1.4 mg/dL.
- A correlation between mean blood pressure and declining eGFR in untreated hypertensive patients.
- Blood pressure significantly correlated with increased serum creatinine in patients with arterial sclerosis.
Conclusions:
- Hypertension is highly prevalent in idiopathic chronic glomerulonephritis and associated with impaired renal function.
- Early detection and management of hypertension are critical for slowing kidney disease progression.
- Blood pressure control is particularly important in patients with coexisting arterial sclerosis.
Abstract:
Prevalence of hypertension and relation of hypertension to renal function, type of glomerulonephritis or histological features were evaluated in 311 patients with idiopathic chronic glomerulonephritis. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 49.8%. At least in women, prevalence of hypertension was increased even at serum creatinine levels less than 1.1 mg dl-1 compared with the local general population. Prevalence of hypertension was 2.12 and 8.6 fold higher at serum creatinine 1.1-1.4 mg dl-1 in males and females respectively. In patients with untreated hypertension, a relation was found between mean blood pressure and subsequent decline of estimated GFR. Furthermore, in patients with arterial sclerosis, but not in patients without, a significant relation was found between blood pressure and subsequent increase in serum creatinine.