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Generalized expectancy, situational perception, and morale among institutionalized aged.

B L Chang

    Nursing Research
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    High morale in institutionalized elderly is linked to congruence between personal control beliefs and daily activity control. Mismatched control orientations and situations negatively impact morale for older adults.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Psychology
    • Sociology

    Background:

    • Understanding factors influencing morale in institutionalized elderly is crucial for improving quality of life.
    • Previous research suggests personality and situational variables play a role in elderly well-being.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the relationship between generalized expectancy of control, perceived situational control, and morale in institutionalized elderly.
    • To investigate how congruence or incongruence between personal orientation and situational control affects morale.

    Main Methods:

    • A study involving 30 residents (aged 65-96) in four skilled nursing facilities.
    • Utilized Locus of Control, self-report measures, trust, self-rated health, Revised Philadelphia Geriatric Morale scales, and a Situational Control of Daily Activities (SCDA) interview schedule.

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  • Individual administration of all assessment tools.

    • Main Results:

    • Congruence between an internal locus of control orientation and self-determined daily activities was associated with higher morale.
    • Conversely, congruence between an external locus of control orientation and other-determined situations resulted in lower morale.
    • Incongruence showed varied effects depending on the orientation and situation.

    Conclusions:

    • Personal control beliefs and the perceived control over daily activities are significant predictors of morale in institutionalized older adults.
    • Aligning an individual's locus of control with their perceived situational control is vital for fostering higher morale.
    • Interventions should consider both personality factors and environmental control to enhance the well-being of institutionalized elderly.