Ameloblastoma arising from a dentigerous cyst-a case report

Area of Science:

• Oral pathology
• Odontogenic tumors
• Cystic lesions of the jaw

Background:

• Dentigerous cysts are common odontogenic cysts, typically associated with unerupted teeth.
• Ameloblastomas are aggressive odontogenic tumors with a high recurrence rate.
• The coexistence of these entities presents diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

• A case is presented where an ameloblastoma developed within the wall of a dentigerous cyst.
• Initial clinical, radiographic, and incisional biopsy findings mimicked a typical dentigerous cyst.
• The lesion was treated with intraoral enucleation under local anesthesia.

Findings:

• Post-operative excisional biopsy revealed histological features indicative of ameloblastic transformation.
• Strands and cords of odontogenic epithelium were identified within the cystic lining.
• These findings confirmed the ameloblastoma arising from the dentigerous cyst.

Implications:

• This case underscores the potential for malignant transformation within dentigerous cysts.
• It emphasizes the necessity of comprehensive histological examination of cyst walls, even when initial findings are benign.
• Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment planning and preventing recurrence of ameloblastoma.