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Bioethics for New Zealand/Aotearoa.

Ben Gray1

  • 1Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago Wellington, 23A Mein Street, Newtown, Wellington South 6021, New Zealand. ben.gray@otago.ac.nz.

The New Zealand Medical Journal
|July 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The New Zealand Medical Association (NZMA) Code of Ethics needs revision. Current principles hinder trusting relationships and culturally competent practice, necessitating a broader ethical framework.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Public Health Ethics
  • Nursing Ethics

Background:

  • The New Zealand Medical Association (NZMA) Code of Ethics is under review.
  • The current code emphasizes individual patient care, the doctor as an independent practitioner, and a monocultural perspective, largely based on Beauchamp and Childress's four principles.
  • Limitations exist in this approach, particularly concerning trusting relationships and diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the limitations of the current NZMA Code of Ethics.
  • To explore alternative ethical frameworks developed by other professional groups.
  • To argue for a revised ethical approach that better supports trusting relationships and culturally competent practice.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the current NZMA Code of Ethics.

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  • Review of ethical codes from the Public Health Association, the New Zealand Nurses Organisation (NZNO), and the Putaiora Writing Group.
  • Comparative discussion of ethical principles and their implications.

    • Main Results:

    • The current NZMA Code of Ethics, focused on individual patients and universal principles, inadequately addresses the importance of trusting relationships.
    • Alternative codes from the Public Health Association, NZNO, and Putaiora Writing Group emphasize trusting relationships as foundational to ethical behavior.
    • The emphasis on universal principles in the current code may be a barrier to culturally competent, public health, and interdisciplinary collaborative practice.

    Conclusions:

    • The NZMA Code of Ethics requires significant revision to incorporate the importance of trusting relationships.
    • An overemphasis on the universality of Beauchamp and Childress's principles is incompatible with developing trust across diverse groups.
    • A revised code is essential for fostering culturally competent, public health, and collaborative interdisciplinary healthcare practices in New Zealand.