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Effects of health promotion projects in preschools on body mass index and motor abilities

D Klein1, K Manz, N Ferrari

  • 1Institute of Movement and Neurosciences German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany - dshs-koeln.de.

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
|July 8, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity and motor deficits are rising. Kindergarten interventions showed varied BMI changes and inconsistent motor skill improvements, indicating a need for broader environmental involvement in prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Child Development

Background:

  • Rising prevalence of childhood obesity and motor deficits in industrialized nations necessitates early intervention.
  • Effective preventive strategies are crucial to mitigate long-term health consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of three kindergarten-based, low-threshold interventions: "Kindergarten Mobile (KiMo)", "Ball and Pear (BP)", and "Nursery Fit (NF)".
  • To assess the impact of these interventions on anthropometric data and motor abilities in preschool-aged children.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 1510 children (mean age 4.7 years) allocated to KiMo, BP, NF-P, NF-NP, and control groups (CG).
  • Interventions included parent/educator information sessions and, for some groups, weekly activity lessons.
  • Anthropometric data and motor skills were measured at baseline and after a 6-month follow-up.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in Body Mass Index (BMI) was observed in the KiMo, NF-P, and NF-NP groups compared to the CG (P<0.001).
  • The BP group showed a non-significant increase in BMI compared to the CG (P=0.998).
  • Motor abilities demonstrated inconsistent results across all intervention groups.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not support definitive recommendations for optimal preschool health promotion procedures.
  • Comprehensive involvement of the child's social environment, including parents, educators, and pediatricians, is essential for preventing overweight and motor deficits.
Abstract

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