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Related Experiment Video

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Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation

Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation

Published on: December 13, 2024

Spinal loads during post-operative physiotherapeutic exercises.

Antonius Rohlmann¹, Verena Schwachmeyer¹, Friedmar Graichen¹

¹Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

|July 8, 2014

Summary

Physiotherapy after spinal surgery can increase spinal loads. Low-load exercises like single leg lifts are safe early on, while double leg lifts and back arching should be avoided post-surgery.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Biomedical Engineering
Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

Physiotherapeutic exercises are crucial for recovery after spinal surgery.
Regaining muscle strength is a key goal, but increased muscle forces can elevate spinal loads.
Identifying exercises that minimize spinal loads is essential to prevent adverse surgical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To measure spinal loads during various physiotherapy exercises post-surgery.
To identify safe exercises for early rehabilitation.
To determine exercises that pose a risk to surgical outcomes.

Main Methods:

Measured loads on vertebral body replacements in 5 patients.
Evaluated 11 different physiotherapy exercises.
Exercises were performed in supine, prone, lateral, and all-fours positions.

Main Results:

Low resultant forces were observed during: single straight leg lift (supine), leg abduction (lateral), leg extension (all-fours), and back hollowing (all-fours).
High implant forces, comparable to walking, occurred during: double leg lift, pelvic lift (supine), arm extension (all-fours), and back arching (all-fours).

Conclusions:

Exercises involving single limb movements or gentle spinal movements in specific positions are biomechanically suitable for early post-spinal surgery rehabilitation.
Exercises involving multiple limbs, significant pelvic/spinal motion, or unsupported postures generate high spinal loads and should be deferred until later in the recovery process.