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Aptamer binding assays for proteins: the thrombin example--a review.

Bin Deng¹, Yanwen Lin², Chuan Wang¹

¹Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada.

Analytica Chimica Acta

|July 9, 2014

Summary

This review covers over 100 assays using aptamer-thrombin binding for molecular detection. The principles discussed are applicable to developing assays for various molecular targets.

Keywords:

Affinity separation Aptamers Binding-induced DNA assembly Catalytic amplification Homogeneous binding assays Thrombin

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Background:

Single-stranded DNA and RNA aptamers exhibit high affinity and specificity for target molecules.
Aptamer-target binding is fundamental to numerous analytical methods.
Thrombin is a common model target for validating aptamer-based assay development.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically review over one hundred assays utilizing aptamer binding to thrombin.
To focus on homogeneous binding assays, electrochemical aptasensors, and affinity separation techniques.
To elucidate the principles and unique characteristics of these thrombin-based aptamer assays.

Main Methods:

Literature review of over 100 published aptamer-thrombin assays.
Categorization of assays into homogeneous binding assays, electrochemical aptasensors, and affinity separation techniques.
Analysis of the underlying principles and specific features of each assay type.

Main Results:

A comprehensive overview of diverse aptamer-based assay formats for thrombin detection.
Detailed examination of homogeneous assays, electrochemical aptasensors, and affinity separation methods.
Identification of common principles and unique features across various assay designs.

Conclusions:

The principles demonstrated in thrombin aptamer assays are broadly applicable to other molecular targets.
Aptamer technology offers versatile platforms for developing sensitive and specific analytical methods.
Understanding assay principles is key to advancing aptamer-based diagnostics and detection.