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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin
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Defining a role for laquinimod in multiple sclerosis.

Bernd C Kieseier1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders
|July 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Laquinimod, an oral treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), demonstrates clinical benefits and a favorable safety profile in Phase III trials. Further research will determine its optimal use in managing this neurodegenerative and inflammatory central nervous system disease.

Keywords:
laquinimodmultiple sclerosisneuroprotectionrelapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Neurodegeneration
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory central nervous system disease with significant neurodegenerative aspects.
  • Laquinimod is an oral quinoline-3-carboxamide investigated for MS treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the experimental and clinical evidence for laquinimod in multiple sclerosis.
  • To discuss the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of laquinimod.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro, animal, and clinical trial data (Phase III) for laquinimod.
  • Analysis of laquinimod's effects on immune cells, neurotrophic factors, and excitotoxicity.

Main Results:

  • Laquinimod exhibits immunomodulatory effects, including promoting regulatory T cells and activating microglia.
  • It increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor and prevents excitotoxicity.
  • Phase III studies showed clinical benefits in relapsing-remitting MS with a good safety profile.

Conclusions:

  • Laquinimod presents a promising therapeutic option for multiple sclerosis.
  • Ongoing trials are crucial for defining optimal dosage and indications for laquinimod in MS management.