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Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
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Politics and policies.

Anna Horwitz, Henrik Horwitz

    Journal of Insurance Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
    |July 10, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    The 2003 Danish pension reform did not reduce early retirements, with invalidity pensions (IP) incidence remaining high. Reforms failed to coordinate policies, necessitating better integration in future changes.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Social Policy
    • Pension Studies

    Background:

    • Denmark implemented major public pension reforms in 2003 to decrease early retirements.
    • Flexible jobs (flex-jobs) were introduced, shifting focus to abilities rather than limitations.
    • Invalidity pension (IP) criteria in the private sector remained unchanged post-reform.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the incidence of IP in a private pension fund before and after the 2003 reforms.
    • To examine the distribution of diagnoses leading to IP.
    • To investigate the mortality rates associated with IP diagnoses.

    Main Methods:

    • A prospective study design was employed.
    • Data collected from Finanssektorens Pensionskasse (FSP) applications for IP between January 1, 1997, and May 1, 2009.

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  • 317 individuals were granted IP during the study period.

    • Main Results:

    • Psychiatric disorders accounted for 30% of IP payouts, followed by cancer (18%) and other somatic disorders (52%).
    • Cancer patients exhibited significantly higher mortality rates compared to other diagnostic groups.
    • IP incidence in FSP was approximately one-third of the background population, peaking in 2001 and 2007-2009.

    Conclusions:

    • The pension reform showed no discernible positive impact on reducing early retirements.
    • The reform was ineffective, creating a new group of government-supported flex-jobbers.
    • Future pension reforms require better coordination between political aims and policy implementation.