Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

Does Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Fit Within a Bi-Factor Model of ADHD?

Annie A Garner¹, James Peugh¹, Stephen P Becker^1,2

¹1 Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Journal of Attention Disorders

|July 10, 2014

Abstract

Objective:

Studies demonstrate sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms to be distinct from inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive dimensions of ADHD. No study has examined SCT within a bi-factor model of ADHD, whereby SCT may form a specific factor distinct from inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity while still fitting within a general ADHD factor, which was the purpose of the current study.

Method:

A total of 168 children were recruited from an ADHD clinic. Most (92%) met diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Parents and teachers completed measures of ADHD and SCT.

Results:

Although SCT symptoms were strongly associated with inattention, they loaded onto a factor independent of ADHD g. Results were consistent across parent and teacher ratings.

Conclusion:

SCT is structurally distinct from inattention as well as from the general ADHD latent symptom structure. Findings support a growing body of research suggesting SCT to be distinct and separate from ADHD.

Keywords:

ADHD bi-factor analysis sluggish cognitive tempo subtype symptoms

More Related Videos

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....

Information Processing Approach

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Early autism risk factors: a cohort study of children born very preterm at 5-years.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association·2026

Psychosocial factors do not explain discrepancy between daily diary and one-week retrospective reports of pain.

Pain·2026

Socioeconomic Deprivation in Adolescents Hospitalized with Anorexia Nervosa and Atypical Anorexia Nervosa.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Ethical Considerations for AI in Psychological Assessment Practice and Training.

Assessment·2026

Adverse Childhood Experiences as a Moderator of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Risky and Distracted Driving.

Psychological reports·2026

Does Short-Term Memory Moderate the Relation Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Dimensions and Anger Regulation in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology·2026

See all related articles