Obesity and children with special healthcare needs: special considerations for a special population

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Health
• Obesity Management
• Special Healthcare Needs

Background:

• Childhood obesity remains a significant public health concern.
• Children and youth with special healthcare needs (CYSHCN) face a higher prevalence of obesity.
• Existing frameworks like ICF and AAP recommendations support interventions for physical activity and healthy eating in CYSHCN.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide pediatric providers with evidence-based recommendations for the assessment, treatment, and management of obesity in CYSHCN.
• To highlight the importance of tailored strategies for this vulnerable population.
• To leverage established models for promoting healthy lifestyles.

Main Methods:

• This review synthesizes current literature and expert recommendations.
• It focuses on factors influencing physical activity and healthy eating in CYSHCN.
• The review emphasizes a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach.

Main Results:

• Personal, environmental, and parental factors significantly impact participation in physical activity and healthy eating among CYSHCN.
• Physical activity is achievable for CYSHCN with appropriate guidance and supervision.
• Parental guidance is crucial for helping CYSHCN with dietary restrictions make healthier food choices.
• Creative strategies are essential for promoting healthy behaviors in this population.

Conclusions:

• Addressing obesity and promoting healthy behaviors can improve health outcomes and quality of life for CYSHCN.
• Pediatricians should collaborate with families and interdisciplinary teams to assess obesity risks.
• Providing CYSHCN with necessary skills and resources is vital for obesity prevention and management.