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Ultrafast spin current generation in picoseconds is achieved through thermally driven demagnetization of ferromagnets. This method enables spin accumulation and spin transfer torque, crucial for advanced spintronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Spin current is essential for nanoscale spintronic devices.
  • Achieving picosecond spin current generation is highly desirable for ultrafast operation.
  • Electrical circuits face limitations in generating such ultrafast spin currents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a method for ultrafast spin current generation.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of thermally driven spin current generation.
  • To explore the application of this method in spintronic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing ultrafast demagnetization of perpendicular ferromagnets.
  • Analyzing spin accumulation in normal metals and spin transfer torque in in-plane ferromagnets.
  • Employing models based on thermodynamic parameters, temperature differences, and gradients.

Main Results:

  • Thermally driven ultrafast demagnetization generates spin current.
  • Spin accumulation and spin transfer torque were observed.
  • Data align with models involving thermodynamic differences and gradients, with electron-magnon temperature differences as the primary driver.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrafast demagnetization is an effective route to picosecond spin current generation.
  • Thermodynamic parameters, particularly electron-magnon temperature differences, drive spin current generation.
  • A minor contribution from temperature gradients and the spin-dependent Seebeck effect was noted on longer timescales.