Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

5.3K
Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
5.3K
Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators01:23

Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators

2.5K
Vasodilators, primarily affecting the smooth muscles within arterial and venous walls, are commonly used for hypertension treatment. Medications such as minoxidil and hydralazine primarily target arteries and arterioles, while sodium nitroprusside acts on arterioles and venules. Minoxidil, functioning as a prodrug, is metabolized by hepatic sulfotransferase into its active form, minoxidil sulfate, after oral administration. This metabolite binds to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) component of...
2.5K
Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers01:16

Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers

1.9K
In cardiovascular health, antianginal drugs combat angina pectoris — a condition marked by chest pain owing to diminished blood flow to the heart.
Organic nitrates,  such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow....
1.9K
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors01:20

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors

215
Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...
215

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Hypermotile functional disorders of the tubular esophagus. Inpatient manometry and long-term manometry].

Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983)·1992
Same author

Cathepsin D in invasive ductal NOS breast carcinoma as defined by immunohistochemistry. No correlation with survival at 5 years.

The American journal of pathology·1992
Same author

Class II tubulin, the major brain beta tubulin isotype is polyglutamylated on glutamic acid residue 435.

FEBS letters·1992
Same author

Mapping of three unique Ca(2+)-binding sites in human annexin II.

European journal of biochemistry·1992
Same author

Mammalian skeletal muscle C-protein: purification from bovine muscle, binding to titin and the characterization of a full-length human cDNA.

Journal of cell science·1992
Same author

Protein-protein interaction studied by site-directed mutagenesis. Characterization of the annexin II-binding site on p11, a member of the S100 protein family.

The Journal of biological chemistry·1992
Same journal

Disrupted erythrocyte S1P-eNOS axis promotes hypoxia, hypertension and fibrosis in obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome.

European heart journal·2026
Same journal

Stroke and systemic embolism following AF ablation: importance of global registries.

European heart journal·2026
Same journal

Update on lipoprotein(a): the rising star in residual lipid risk.

European heart journal·2026
Same journal

Great debate: medical treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction will rely on four foundational drugs.

European heart journal·2026
Same journal

The surgical collateralization theory: has the beautiful hypothesis been killed by the ugly facts?

European heart journal·2026
Same journal

Beyond single measurement: additional considerations for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in cardiovascular risk prediction.

European heart journal·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Analytical Techniques for Assaying Nitric Oxide Bioactivity
11:28

Analytical Techniques for Assaying Nitric Oxide Bioactivity

Published on: June 18, 2012

17.7K

Haemodynamic studies with a phasic release nitroglycerin patch system.

M Bergbauer1, K Weber

  • 1Medizinische Klinik der Ruhruniversitat Bochum am St Josef-Hospital, West Germany.

European Heart Journal
|May 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New nitroglycerin patches with discontinuous release prevent tolerance in coronary heart disease patients. This phasic release improves sustained hemodynamic effects, unlike traditional patches.

More Related Videos

Acetylcholine Re-Challenge After Intracoronary Nitroglycerine Administration
07:59

Acetylcholine Re-Challenge After Intracoronary Nitroglycerine Administration

Published on: April 4, 2022

1.5K
Author Spotlight: A Pharmacodissection Approach to Uncover Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Populations
08:21

Author Spotlight: A Pharmacodissection Approach to Uncover Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Populations

Published on: July 21, 2023

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Analytical Techniques for Assaying Nitric Oxide Bioactivity
11:28

Analytical Techniques for Assaying Nitric Oxide Bioactivity

Published on: June 18, 2012

17.7K
Acetylcholine Re-Challenge After Intracoronary Nitroglycerine Administration
07:59

Acetylcholine Re-Challenge After Intracoronary Nitroglycerine Administration

Published on: April 4, 2022

1.5K
Author Spotlight: A Pharmacodissection Approach to Uncover Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Populations
08:21

Author Spotlight: A Pharmacodissection Approach to Uncover Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Populations

Published on: July 21, 2023

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Transdermal nitroglycerin (GTN) patches have uncertain efficacy for coronary artery disease (CAD) due to rapid tolerance.
  • Constant GTN plasma levels from traditional patches limit therapeutic duration to under 8 hours.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a novel GTN patch with a discontinuous release profile in patients with coronary heart disease.
  • To determine if this new patch formulation prevents tolerance to hemodynamic effects during sustained daily therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-eight patients with coronary heart disease were enrolled.
  • Hemodynamic parameters, including pulmonary capillary wedge (PCW) pressure, cardiac index, systemic blood pressure, and heart rate, were measured.
  • Measurements were taken at rest and during exercise, at 2 hours and 24 hours after patch application, and after 1 week of daily therapy.

Main Results:

  • A 25.7% decrease in PCW pressure at rest and 25.1% during exercise was observed 2 hours after initial GTN patch administration.
  • Cardiac index decreased by 12.2% at rest; no significant changes in blood pressure or heart rate were noted.
  • No significant hemodynamic effects were observed after 24 hours, but PCW pressure decreased significantly 2 hours after re-application, indicating no tolerance development.

Conclusions:

  • The phasic release GTN patch demonstrates efficacy in reducing PCW pressure and improving cardiac index.
  • This novel formulation appears to prevent tolerance to hemodynamic effects during sustained once-daily therapy in coronary heart disease patients.