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Birth, meaningful viability and abortion.

David Jensen

    Journal of Medical Ethics
    |July 12, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Birth

    Area of Science:

    • Bioethics
    • Moral Philosophy

    Background:

    • The moral status of abortion, particularly late-term abortion, remains a contentious issue.
    • Existing philosophical arguments often hinge on the significance of birth and viability.
    • The debate questions whether the wrongness of infanticide extends to late-term abortions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the moral significance of birth in the context of elective abortion debates.
    • To evaluate the implications of infanticide arguments for late-term abortion.
    • To establish a principled basis for determining the moral permissibility of abortion.

    Main Methods:

    • Philosophical analysis of ethical arguments concerning abortion and infanticide.
    • Examination of prominent positions, including those of Mary Anne Warren and José Luis Bermúdez.
    Keywords:
    AbortionInfanticideMoral Status

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  • Argumentation based on the arbitrary nature of the timing of birth.
  • Main Results:

    • The factors making birth morally significant also confer significance upon meaningful viability.
    • The arbitrary timing of birth undermines its unique moral importance over other developmental stages.
    • Meaningful viability, rather than birth itself, emerges as a critical moral threshold.

    Conclusions:

    • The moral wrongness of infanticide does not necessarily imply the wrongness of all late-term abortions.
    • Meaningful viability, due to the arbitrary timing of birth, represents the point at which elective abortion becomes prima facie morally wrong.
    • This framework offers a nuanced perspective on the ethics of abortion, focusing on developmental milestones.