Thrombosis following ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Miro Kasum1, Damir Danolić, Slavko Orešković
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia .
Summary
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) increases thrombosis risk, a dangerous complication. Early diagnosis and anticoagulation are crucial, but preventing OHSS is key to reducing thrombosis after ovarian stimulation.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Endocrinology
- Hematology
- Thrombosis Research
Background:
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a potential complication of ovulation induction.
- Thrombosis is the most dangerous complication of OHSS, with incidence varying significantly.
- Hypercoagulability states are observed in OHSS, but reliable diagnostic markers for thrombosis are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the pathophysiology and complications of thrombosis in OHSS.
- To review current understanding of thrombophilia markers in OHSS.
- To propose practical guidelines for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis associated with OHSS.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on OHSS and thrombosis.
- Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms linking OHSS to hypercoagulability.
- Examination of clinical data regarding thrombosis incidence, sites, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Thrombosis occurs in 0.2% of IVF cycles, rising to 10% in severe OHSS cases.
- Venous thromboses (67-75%) predominantly affect upper limbs and neck; arterial thromboses (25-33%) are often intracerebral.
- Estrogen levels and ascites may contribute to upper body venous thromboembolism.
Conclusions:
- Early diagnosis and anticoagulant therapy (e.g., heparin) are vital for managing thrombosis in OHSS.
- Preventive measures for OHSS and identification of high-risk patients are the most effective strategies to reduce thrombosis risk.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction
809
Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
809
02:07Oogenesis
58.0K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
58.0K
01:27Ovarian Cycle
5.3K
The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
5.3K
01:29Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
482
Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
482
01:20Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
466
The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
466