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Electrical stimuli in the central nervous system microenvironment
Deanna M Thompson1, Abigail N Koppes, John G Hardy
1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180;
Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering
|July 12, 2014
Summary
Electrical stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS) has a long history and is now used in treatments like deep brain stimulation (DBS) and functional electrical stimulation (FES) for neurological disorders and injuries.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Neuromodulation
Background:
- Electrical stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS) has been utilized since the 1750s.
- Current applications include deep brain stimulation (DBS), cochlear implants, visual prosthetics, and functional electrical stimulation (FES).
- These technologies address a range of neurological diseases, disorders, and injuries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the historical development of CNS electrical stimulation.
- To highlight recent advancements in electrical stimulation therapies.
- To discuss the role of electrical cues in neural development, injury response, and regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Historical review of electrical stimulation techniques.
- Description of current clinical applications of DBS, FES, and neuroprosthetics.
- Discussion of research on electrical cues in neural tissue regeneration.
Main Results:
- Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is effective for essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, and depression.
- Functional electrical stimulation (FES) aids in treating spinal cord injuries.
- Neuroprosthetics like retinal and cochlear implants restore vision and hearing.
Conclusions:
- Electrical stimulation is a versatile tool for managing neurological conditions.
- Understanding and manipulating electrical cues holds potential for neural tissue regeneration.
- Continued innovation in electrical stimulation therapies promises improved patient outcomes.
Keywords:
braindeep brain stimulation (DBS)electrodefunctional electrical stimulation (FES)galvanotaxisspinal cordMore Related Videos
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