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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains
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Structural and microstructural brain changes predict impairment in daily functioning.

Vincentius J A Verlinden1, Jos N van der Geest2, Marius de Groot3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

The American Journal of Medicine
|July 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Brain changes like smaller volumes and higher diffusivity are linked to daily functioning decline in older adults. This highlights the importance of monitoring brain health for maintaining independence.

Keywords:
Activities of daily livingBrainDTIEpidemiologyMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers indicate accumulating pathology, often leading to dementia.
  • The relationship between MRI markers and daily functioning in non-demented individuals is not well understood.
  • This study investigates the association between brain changes and daily living impairments in a community-dwelling population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if structural and microstructural brain changes correlate with difficulties in activities of daily living.
  • To assess the risk of impairment in basic and instrumental activities of daily living based on MRI findings.
  • To explore the link between brain volume, white matter lesions, and diffusivity with functional decline.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized brain MRI data from 2025 stroke-free, non-demented participants (mean age 59.9 years) from the population-based Rotterdam Study (2005-2009).
  • Assessed basic and instrumental activities of daily living using validated questionnaires, with follow-up data collected between 2008-2013.
  • Employed linear and logistic regression models to analyze the association between MRI markers and daily functioning outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Smaller brain and hippocampal volumes and higher diffusivity were associated with greater decline in activities of daily living.
  • Increased risk of impairment in basic activities of daily living was linked to smaller brain volume (OR 4.05), larger white matter lesion volume (OR 1.33), and higher mean, axial, and radial diffusivity.
  • 82 participants showed impairment in basic activities and 33 in instrumental activities of daily living during follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Structural and microstructural brain changes are significantly associated with deterioration in daily functioning among community-dwelling individuals.
  • MRI markers of brain pathology can predict future impairments in activities of daily living.
  • These findings underscore the importance of brain health in maintaining functional independence in aging populations.