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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

15.4K

Arterial aging and arterial disease: interplay between central hemodynamics, cardiac work, and organ

Gerard London1, Adrian Covic2, David Goldsmith3

  • 1INSERM U970, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou , Paris, France.

Kidney International Supplements
|July 15, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience accelerated arterial aging, leading to cardiovascular disease. Understanding the causes of this premature aging is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  • Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate accelerated arterial and cardiac aging in CKD/ESRD populations.
  • Premature arterial aging in these patients is characterized by aortic stiffening and loss of central-peripheral stiffness gradients.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current understanding of arterial and cardiac aging in CKD/ESRD.
  • It examines the heterogeneous nature of premature arterial aging, focusing on central arteries.
  • The impact of these vascular changes on cardiac and microcirculatory function is discussed.

Key Points:

  • Accelerated arterial aging, particularly aortic stiffening, is a hallmark of CKD/ESRD.
  • Vascular aging impacts the heart (left ventricular hypertrophy, reduced coronary perfusion) and microcirculation (renal and brain).
  • The pathophysiology of aortic 'progeria' and associated microvascular disorders in CKD/ESRD remains incompletely understood.

Conclusions:

  • Accelerated aging of the aorta and central arteries is a critical factor in cardiovascular complications of CKD/ESRD.
  • Further research into the multifactorial pathophysiology of vascular aging in CKD/ESRD is warranted.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing targeted interventions to mitigate cardiovascular risk in these patients.

Keywords:
agingarterial stiffnessarteriosclerosisend-stage renal diseasepressure waves

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