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Epigenetic inheritance, epimutation, and the response to selection.

Robert E Furrow1

  • 1Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America.

Plos One
|July 15, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic variation responds slower to natural selection than genetic variation due to rapid loss of parent-offspring epiallelic correlation. This suggests epigenetics may be less adaptive than genetics, despite similar heritability.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Population genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Limited theoretical research exists on epigenetic variation's role in natural selection.
  • Epigenetic modifications can influence gene expression without altering DNA sequence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically explore and model the response of epigenetic variation to natural selection over multiple generations.
  • To compare the responsiveness of epigenetic variation versus genetic variation to selection pressures.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a population genetic model.
  • Derivation of formulae to characterize epigenetic variation response to selection.
  • Analysis of epiallelic correlation decay over generations.

Main Results:

  • The response of epigenetic variation to selection decays rapidly due to a quick reduction in parent-offspring epiallelic correlation.
  • This decay is distinct from the slowing response caused by the depletion of epigenetic variation itself.
  • Epigenetic variation appears less responsive to natural selection compared to genetic variation, even with similar heritability.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic variation may be a less dynamic evolutionary factor than genetic variation.
  • The rapid loss of epiallelic correlation limits the adaptive potential of epigenetic changes.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the interplay between epigenetics and evolutionary adaptation.