Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

83
Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable...
83
Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

777
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
777
Population Growth00:57

Population Growth

23.1K
Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.
23.1K
Investigation of Disease Outbreaks01:23

Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

71
Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
71
Causality in Epidemiology01:21

Causality in Epidemiology

2.1K
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
2.1K
Infection01:20

Infection

11.3K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
11.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A data-parsimonious model for long-term risk assessments of West Nile virus spillover.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Animal movement estimation and network-based epidemic modeling: Illustration for the swine industry in Iowa (US).

PloS one·2025
Same author

A parsimonious Bayesian predictive model for forecasting new reported cases of West Nile disease.

Infectious Disease Modelling·2025
Same author

Evaluation of the 2022 West Nile virus forecasting challenge, USA.

Parasites & vectors·2025
Same author

Prevalence of African animal trypanosomiasis among livestock and domestic animals in Uganda: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis from 1980 to 2022.

Scientific reports·2023
Same author

CLIPB4 Is a Central Node in the Protease Network that Regulates Humoral Immunity in Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes.

Journal of innate immunity·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays
14:06

Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays

Published on: November 12, 2012

46.1K

Competitive epidemic spreading over arbitrary multilayer networks.

Faryad Darabi Sahneh1, Caterina Scoglio1

  • 1Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA and and Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|July 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Competitive viruses can coexist in multilayer networks, especially when transmission routes (network layers) are distinct and have minimal overlap in central nodes. This finding is crucial for understanding complex epidemic dynamics.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays
14:06

Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays

Published on: November 12, 2012

46.1K

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Network Science
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • The Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model is a foundational tool for understanding single-virus spread.
  • Previous models often focused on single networks or simpler virus interactions.
  • Understanding competitive virus dynamics in complex networks is essential for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the SIS model to analyze the spread of two competing viruses on a two-layer network.
  • To identify conditions for virus extinction, coexistence, and dominance.
  • To discover and rigorously prove a region for long-term coexistence of competitive viruses in multilayer networks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a Susceptible-Infected by virus 1-Susceptible-Infected by virus 2-Susceptible (SI_{1}SI_{2}S) epidemic model.
  • Analyzed virus dynamics on a two-layer network with distinct transmission routes.
  • Introduced survival and absolute-dominance thresholds.
  • Derived analytical expressions and performed numerical simulations.

Main Results:

  • Identified conditions for virus extinction, coexistence, and absolute dominance.
  • Proved the existence of a region for long-term coexistence in nontrivial multilayer networks.
  • Demonstrated that coexistence is impossible in identical network layers but possible in distinct layers.
  • Quantified coexistence based on the interrelation of central nodes across layers; minimal overlap promotes coexistence.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct network layers with low central node overlap facilitate the long-term coexistence of competing viruses.
  • Network layer correlation significantly impacts virus survival and competitive exclusion.
  • Positively correlated layers hinder virus survival, while negatively correlated layers aid survival but impede complete eradication of the competitor.