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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Ankle Joint01:10

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Engineering Platform and Experimental Protocol for Design and Evaluation of a Neurally-controlled Powered Transfemoral Prosthesis
11:16

Engineering Platform and Experimental Protocol for Design and Evaluation of a Neurally-controlled Powered Transfemoral Prosthesis

Published on: July 22, 2014

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Running with a powered knee and ankle prosthesis.

Amanda H Shultz, Brian E Lawson, Michael Goldfarb

    IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering : a Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
    |July 15, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel control system for powered prostheses, enabling transfemoral amputees to achieve natural running gaits and switch between walking and running. The system enhances mobility and user control for amputees.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Robotics
    • Rehabilitation Technology

    Background:

    • Transfemoral amputees often face challenges in achieving natural and dynamic gait patterns, particularly during running.
    • Existing prosthetic technologies may limit the ability to transition smoothly between different locomotion modes like walking and running.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate a running control architecture for a powered knee-ankle prosthesis.
    • To enable transfemoral amputees to run with biomechanically appropriate gaits.
    • To allow users to intentionally transition between walking and running.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementation of a two-level control architecture: a coordination controller for running biomechanics and a gait selection controller for mode transitions.
    • Integration of the control architecture onto a transfemoral prosthesis with powered knee and ankle joints.
    • Conducting treadmill trials with a transfemoral amputee subject to assess running gait appropriateness and transition reliability.

    Main Results:

    • The coordination controller successfully generated running gait biomechanics representative of healthy individuals.
    • The gait selection controller enabled the user to reliably and intentionally transition between walking and running modes.
    • The overall running control architecture demonstrated efficacy in trials with the amputee subject.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed running control architecture significantly improves the capabilities of transfemoral amputees.
    • This technology offers a more natural and versatile locomotion experience, enhancing the quality of life for prosthesis users.
    • The ability to transition between walking and running represents a key advancement in prosthetic limb functionality.