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Updated: Apr 27, 2026

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Cardiotoxicity following cyclophosphamidetherapy: a case report.

Figen Atalay1, Oyku Gulmez, Aylin Ozsancak Ugurlu

  • 1Department of Hematology, Baskent University Istanbul Medical and Research Center, İstanbul, Turkey. f_noyan@yahoo.com.

Journal of Medical Case Reports
|July 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Cyclophosphamide chemotherapy can cause life-threatening cardiac toxicity, even in patients with previously normal heart function. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for recovery of cardiac function.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cardiac toxicity is a serious complication of cancer therapy.
  • Systemic anticancer drugs can cause cardiotoxicity or worsen existing conditions.
  • This case highlights cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in a patient with no prior cardiac issues.

Observation:

  • A 66-year-old woman with Burkitt lymphoma developed dyspnea during cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy.
  • Echocardiography revealed severely impaired biventricular function (LVEF 31%) and myocardial changes.
  • These cardiac abnormalities were absent before chemotherapy.

Findings:

  • Cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity was diagnosed based on clinical presentation and cardiac function decline.
  • Treatment for congestive heart failure led to improved cardiac function and symptom resolution.

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  • Full recovery of biventricular function was observed within 1 month post-chemotherapy.

    • Implications:

    • Cyclophosphamide cardiotoxicity must be considered during cancer treatment, especially with anthracycline co-administration.
    • Close collaboration between hematologists and cardiologists is essential for managing drug-induced cardiac events.
    • This case underscores the importance of cardiac monitoring in patients receiving potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy.