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Dynamics of targeted microbubble adhesion under pulsatile compared with steady flow.

Charles A Sennoga1, John M Seddon2, Jennifer A Frueh3

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Pulsatile flow, not steady flow, increased targeted microbubble accumulation in a model of atherosclerosis. This finding is crucial for developing ultrasound contrast agents to detect vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Hemodynamic flow variations influence atherosclerotic plaque development and instability.
  • Targeted microbubbles are emerging intravascular ultrasound agents for identifying atherosclerotic lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how hydrodynamic flow variations affect targeted microbubble binding and accumulation.
  • To compare microbubble binding rates under steady flow (SF) versus pulsatile flow (PF).

Main Methods:

  • Microbubble binding rates were assessed under SF and PF at low and intermediate wall shear stress (WSS).
  • Streptavidin-coated substrates were used in a parallel plate flow chamber with real-time video microscopy.
  • Microbubble accumulation was modeled to determine flow-mediated binding kinetics.

Main Results:

  • Pulsatile flow (PF) resulted in higher microbubble accumulation rates compared to steady flow (SF).
  • Significant differences in accumulation rates between PF and SF were observed at intermediate WSS (p < 0.05).
  • Microbubble accumulation rates decreased as WSS increased.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrodynamic flow conditions significantly impact targeted microbubble accumulation.
  • Pulsatile flow enhances microbubble binding, suggesting potential for improved atherosclerotic plaque detection with ultrasound contrast agents.