Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives01:28

Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

3.1K
Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the...
3.1K
Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids01:31

Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids

5.3K
Carboxylic acids with lower molecular weight exhibit a sharp and unpleasant odor. They also have higher boiling and melting points than analogous compounds, such as aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols.
5.3K
Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives01:19

Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

2.5K
Intermolecular forces dictate several physical properties such as boiling points, melting points, solubilities, and so forth. They are classified into four types: ionic forces, hydrogen bonds, dipole–dipole forces, and dispersion forces. Ionic forces are the strongest, while dispersion forces are the weakest.
Among the carboxylic acid derivatives, the boiling points of acid chlorides and esters are very similar and are the lowest in the series. Acid anhydrides have slightly higher boiling...
2.5K
Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Mechanism01:13

Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Mechanism

9.0K
Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to yield esters via an acid-catalyzed condensation reaction called Fischer esterification. This is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction that proceeds via a tetrahedral intermediate, where a water molecule is eliminated as the leaving group.
9.0K
Substituent Effects on Acidity of Carboxylic Acids01:31

Substituent Effects on Acidity of Carboxylic Acids

6.9K
The acidity of carboxylic acids is influenced by the nature of the substituents bounded to the functional group. The acid strength is determined by the stability of the carboxylate anion—the conjugate base formed by dissociating the corresponding carboxylic acid.
6.9K
Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Overview01:20

Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Overview

15.1K
The Fischer esterification reaction was developed by the German chemist Emil Fischer in 1895. It is a condensation reaction between carboxylic acids and alcohols in an acidic medium to give esters and water.
15.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Structural and Dynamic Heterogeneity of Deep Eutectic Solvents Composed of Choline Chloride and Ortho-Phenol Derivatives.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2025
Same author

Physical and Electrochemical Analysis of <i>N</i>-Alkylpyrrolidinium-Substituted Boronium Ionic Liquids.

Inorganic chemistry·2023
Same author

Interfacial Effects in Conductivity Measurements of Block Copolymer Electrolytes.

ACS polymers Au·2023
Same author

Elucidating the interplay of local and mesoscale ion dynamics and transport properties in aprotic ionic liquids.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2023
Same author

Influence of the Bound Polymer Layer on Nanoparticle Diffusion in Polymer Melts.

ACS macro letters·2022
Same author

Surface-Induced Ordering Depresses Through-Film Ionic Conductivity in Lamellar Block Copolymer Electrolytes.

ACS macro letters·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems
06:15

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Published on: October 31, 2019

13.0K

Charge transport and structural dynamics in carboxylic-acid-based deep eutectic mixtures.

Philip J Griffin1, Tyler Cosby, Adam P Holt

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|July 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that lidocaine and decanoic acid (LID-DA) deep eutectic mixtures are 25% ionic at room temperature. Charge transport in LID-DA resembles protic ionic liquids, not fast proton transport.

More Related Videos

Dielectric RheoSANS &#8212; Simultaneous Interrogation of Impedance, Rheology and Small Angle Neutron Scattering of Complex Fluids
07:51

Dielectric RheoSANS — Simultaneous Interrogation of Impedance, Rheology and Small Angle Neutron Scattering of Complex Fluids

Published on: April 10, 2017

8.6K
Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
08:54

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

5.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems
06:15

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Published on: October 31, 2019

13.0K
Dielectric RheoSANS &#8212; Simultaneous Interrogation of Impedance, Rheology and Small Angle Neutron Scattering of Complex Fluids
07:51

Dielectric RheoSANS — Simultaneous Interrogation of Impedance, Rheology and Small Angle Neutron Scattering of Complex Fluids

Published on: April 10, 2017

8.6K
Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
08:54

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

5.0K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Deep eutectic mixtures (DEMs) are gaining interest as novel solvent systems.
  • Understanding charge transport and structural dynamics is crucial for DEM applications.
  • Lidocaine and decanoic acid (LID-DA) mixture serves as a model system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize charge transport and structural dynamics in a LID-DA DEM.
  • To determine the ionic nature and proton transfer in LID-DA.
  • To compare LID-DA's properties with those of protic ionic liquids.

Main Methods:

  • Broad-band dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) for charge transport and structural relaxation.
  • Depolarized dynamic light scattering (DDLS) for structural dynamics.
  • Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for proton transfer assessment.

Main Results:

  • LID-DA DEM is approximately 25% ionic at room temperature.
  • Charge carrier diffusion rate matches structural relaxation rate across temperatures.
  • Fast proton transport was not observed in LID-DA.

Conclusions:

  • LID-DA exhibits thermal characteristics of a DEM.
  • Charge transport in LID-DA is analogous to protic ionic liquids.
  • The study clarifies the nature of charge transport in this model DEM.