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Published on: August 25, 2017
Aspects of applied physiology in chronic bronchitis and emphysema
Abstract:
The terms chronic bronchitis and emphysema have been loosely applied in the literature to a wide spectrum of diseases characterised by chronic, irreversible airways obstruction. Their use as descriptive terms rather than specific diagnoses has hindered a proper understanding of the differences between the two diseases. The present paper is devoted primarily to the physiological aspects of chronic bronchitis and emphysema but to avoid confusion the two diseases will first be defined in terms of their clinical and pathological features.
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Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...

