Precursors and possible effects of psychological stress

The term stress can be used to refer to a generalised somatic response, involving hormonal activity, which renders an individual ready to react to a wide range of events. With continued stress there can result a wide range of pathological developments, including physical and psychological symptoms. This paper will review the social and psychological factors which appear to increase the stress response and will also examine some of the physical consequences of exposure to stress-inducing agents. Emphasis will be given to the possibilities that stress may result from common experiences of living in modern complex society. Individual differences need to be considered as moderators of stress, and also the means whereby people may be taught to cope with stress.