Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

62.2K
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
62.2K
Ionic Association01:28

Ionic Association

213
The ionic association is the association of oppositely charged ions in an electrolyte solution to form ion pairs. Bjerrum defined ion pairs as two oppositely charged ions whose electrostatic attraction exceeds the thermal energy of the system, typically expressed as 2kT. Electrostatic attraction depends on ionic charge, separation distance, and the dielectric constant of the medium. Thermal energy, represented by kT, reflects the tendency of ions to move independently due to molecular motion.
213
Solubility Equilibria: Ionic Product of Water01:16

Solubility Equilibria: Ionic Product of Water

2.2K
Pure water is a weak electrolyte; only a small amount ionizes into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. At any given temperature, the concentration of undissociated water is almost constant, so the ionic product of water is the product of the hydrogen and hydroxide ion concentrations, denoted as Kw. The square root of Kw gives the individual ion concentrations.
The ionic product of water varies with temperature, and its value is 1.0 x 10−14 at standard experimental conditions. Per Le...
2.2K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

16.4K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
16.4K
Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

14.2K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
14.2K
Precipitation of Ions03:11

Precipitation of Ions

25.4K
Predicting Precipitation
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:
25.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Non-invasive prediction of portal hypertension and liver-related events in advanced chronic liver disease: HVPG 3-P model performance in a retrospective cohort.

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver·2026
Same author

Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of charged solid-liquid interfaces with different water models.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Ecology and Diversity of Urban <i>Drosophila</i> Species Communities as Potential Indicators of Biodiversity Decline.

Ecology and evolution·2026
Same author

Stretching and Compressing Capillary Bridges on Hydrophilic, Hydrophobic, and Liquid-Infused Surfaces.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same author

Statins and clinical outcomes in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Interactions of nanoparticles with living and synthetic bio-membranes.

Chemical Society reviews·2025
Same journal

Chlorinated VSLSs Surpass HCFCs in CFC-11-Equivalent Emissions for Ozone Layer Depletion in China.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Charge transfer in triphenylamine-tetrazine covalent organic frameworks for solar-driven hydrogen peroxide production.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Vegetation browning patterns under compound soil and atmospheric dryness in northern permafrost ecosystems.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Voltage imaging of CA1 pyramidal cells and SST+ interneurons reveals stability and plasticity mechanisms of spatial firing.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Radical-omics reveals the hydrogen-abstraction pathway of isoprene oxidation.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Toughening elastomer via sequentially activated multi-pathway energy dissipation.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

8.4K

Water-induced correlation between single ions imaged at the solid-liquid interface.

Maria Ricci1, Peter Spijker2, Kislon Voïtchovsky3

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nature Communications
|July 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dissolved ions spontaneously form ordered structures on solid surfaces in water. These ion domains, stabilized by water, impact surface charge, crystal growth, and colloidal stability.

More Related Videos

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid
10:25

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid

Published on: December 20, 2016

20.8K
In Situ Characterization of Hydrated Proteins in Water by SALVI and ToF-SIMS
09:48

In Situ Characterization of Hydrated Proteins in Water by SALVI and ToF-SIMS

Published on: February 15, 2016

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

8.4K
Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid
10:25

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid

Published on: December 20, 2016

20.8K
In Situ Characterization of Hydrated Proteins in Water by SALVI and ToF-SIMS
09:48

In Situ Characterization of Hydrated Proteins in Water by SALVI and ToF-SIMS

Published on: February 15, 2016

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Solids in water develop surface charges neutralized by counterions.
  • Counterion distribution perpendicular to surfaces is understood, but lateral organization remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the lateral organization of counterions at solid-liquid interfaces.
  • To reveal the mechanisms behind ion structuring at surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
  • Computer simulations

Main Results:

  • Single hydrated metal ions spontaneously form ordered, lateral structures on homogeneous solid surfaces in aqueous solutions.
  • These structures are stabilized by water molecules, not requiring specific surface-ion interactions.
  • The observed ion structuring is governed by the hydration properties of both the surface and the ions.

Conclusions:

  • The formation of discrete ion domains at interfaces is a novel phenomenon.
  • These ion domains can significantly influence interfacial processes like charge transfer, crystal growth, self-assembly, and colloidal stability.